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Roman Catholicism in Africa
Roman Catholicism in Africa is the part of the Catholic Church in the various countries of Africa. Christian activity in Africa began in the 1st century when the Patriarchate of Alexandria was formed as one of the four original Patriarchs of the East (the others being Constantinople, Antioch, and Jerusalem). In 2005, the Roman and Eastern Catholic Churches of Africa embraced approximately 135 million of the 809 million people in Africa. In 2009, when Pope Benedict XVI visited Africa, it was estimated at 158 million.〔Rachel Donadio, "(On Africa Trip, Pope Will Find Place Where Church Is Surging Amid Travail )," ''New York Times'', 16 March 2009.〕 By 2025, one-sixth (230 million) of the world's Catholics are expected to be African.〔David Barrett, ''International Bulletin of Missionary Research'', Vol. 30, No 1, January 2006, 29.〕 The world's largest seminary is in Nigeria, which borders on Cameroon in western Africa, and Africa produces a large percentage of the world's priests. There are also 16 cardinals from Africa, out of 192, and 400,000 catechists. Cardinal Peter Turkson, formerly Archbishop of Cape Coast, Ghana, is Africa's youngest cardinal at 64 years old.〔〔"(Synod to Address Ethnic and Religious Divisions )," ''America'', 12 October 2009.〕
==History==
Many important members of the early Church were from Africa, including Mark the Evangelist, Origen, Tertullian, Saint Augustine of Hippo (from Hippo Regius in what is now Annaba, Algeria) and Clement of Alexandria. Churches in eastern North Africa, such as those in Egypt and Ethiopia, tended to align with the practice of the Eastern Church, but those to the West (the area now known as the Maghreb) were connected to the Roman Church. Three early popes were from the Roman Africa Province. These were Pope Victor I (reigned c . 189 to 199), Pope Miltiades (reigned 311 to 314) and Pope Gelasius I (492 to 496) and all of them were Christian Berbers.
Church membership rose from 2 million in 1900 to 140 million in 2000.〔(The Catholic Explosion ), Zenit News Agency, 11 November 2011〕
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